Also in 2017
Also in 2017, the FDA approved for use two CAR-T cell therapies to treat children and young adults with ALL and adults with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
In 2017
In 2017 CAR-T therapy was named Advance of the Year by the American Society for Clinical Oncology.
Third-generation CARs
Third-generation CAR molecules were produced by incorporating two or more co-stimulatory molecules into the CAR construct. These CARs are not necessarily more superior than second-generation (results from comparative studies are
Fourth-generation CARs enter the scene
Fourth-generation CARs enter the scene. Also known as ‘T cell redirected for universal cytokine-mediated killing’ (TRUCKs), these demonstrated improvements in anti-tumour efficacy.
In 2014
In 2014 CAR-T therapy received Breakthrough Drug designation from the US Food and Drug Administration for relapsed and/or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
In 2012 a major step forward
In 2012 Emily Whitehead became the first paediatric patient to be treated with CAR-T therapy. She is still in remission today.
In 2010 the first clinical trial of CAR-T therapy was reported
In 2010 the first clinical trial of CAR-T therapy was reported, using second-gen CARs and targeted at CD19 in non-Hodkin's lymphoma, a blood cancer. CD19 is still the predominant CAR-T cell
Late 1990s …
In the late 1990s it was found that CARs would be more effective if they were designed with the addition of another molecule - a ‘co-stimulatory’ molecule to work alongside of
1993 the first CARs were engineered
In 1993 Dr Zelig Eshhar and colleagues at the Weizmann Institute in Israel engineer the first-generation CAR molecule. Dr Eshhar had spent time in the United States in 1990 with
Early 1980s …
Studies in the early 1980s demonstrated that intravenous injection of T cells expanded in IL-2 could treat bulky subcutaneous lymphomas, and the administration of IL-2 after cell transfer increased T